October 8, 2009

The Marshall Islands, Formally Republic of the Marshall Islands. The complete independence under international law was on 22 December 1990, when the United Nations officially terminate the trust gave the territory. It is a nation whose independence in 1990 made it one of the youngest countries Oceania. He was part of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and was subject under the administration of the United StatesHowever, could be regarded as a protectorate U.S.[edit]. It consists of two islands and reefs that total some totaling some 1152 islands Pacific. It is located northeast of Australia, Specifically north of Nauru and east of Micronesia.The Spanish explorer Alvaro de Saavedra Ceron discovered them and landed them in 1529He took possession on behalf of the King of Spain. Little is understood about the prehistory of the Marshall Islands. Apparently, successive waves of Southeast-Asian immigration occurred in the Western Pacific about 3,000 years ago reached these islands. The English the named “Marshall” on their maps, an explorer of that name that visited 1799, But were claimed by Spain 1874 and recognized its sovereignty by international diplomacy. Part of the Spanish Pacific, were sold to Germany in 1884 after the papal mediation.

Germany established a protectorate in 1885 and trading stations on the islands of Jaluit and Ebon to carry out the flourishing trade in copra (dried coconut meat). The Marshallese Iroij Iroij (high chiefs) continued to rule under indirect German administration.

At the beginning of World War I, Japan assumed control of the Marshall Islands. Its headquarters remained in the German center of administration, Jaluit. The January 31 of 1944, U.S. troops landed on the atoll of Kwajalein and took control of the islands of the Japanese on February 3, followed by intense fighting on Kwajalein and Enewetak atolls. In 1947The United States as the occupying power, struck a deal with the security council of the UN to administer Micronesia, including the Marshall Islands, as the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. From 1946 until 1958 there were 67 nuclear tests in various atolls. An important radar was built on the atoll of Kwajalein.

The May 1 of 1979In recognition of the evolving political status of the Marshall Islands, the United States recognized the constitution of the islands and the establishment of the government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The constitution incorporates concepts Americans and British.

The complete independence under international law was on 22 December 1990When United Nations were officially terminated the trust over the territory.

There have been numerous local and national elections since it was founded the Republic of the Marshall Islands and in general, democracy has worked well. The United Democratic Party, following a reform platform, won the 1999 parliamentary elections, taking control of the presidency and cabinet.

The islands have signed an agreement with U.S. 1986 and up 1999 Islanders received $ 180 million for use of Kwajalein Atoll, 250 million in compensation for nuclear testing and 600 million in a set of concepts.

Despite the constitution, the government was largely controlled by traditional chiefs. It was not until 1999, on charges of corruption, when the government was ousted aristocrat, Imata Kabua replaced by the “commoner” Kessai Note.

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